1)Light: A form of electromagnetic
radiation that is visible to the human eye and travels in straight lines.
2)Reflection: The bouncing back of light from
a surface, obeying the law of reflection which states that the angle of
incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
3)Angle of incidence (∠i)
: The angle between the normal and incident ray is called the angle of
incidence (∠i).
4)Angle of reflection (∠r) : The angle between the normal and the reflected ray is
known as the angle of reflection (∠r).
5)Incident ray: The light
ray , which strikes any surface, is called the incident ray.
6)Reflected ray: The ray
that comes back from the surface after reflection is known as the reflected
ray.
7)Normal: The
normal of a mirror is an imaginary line that is drawn perpendicular to the mirror's
surface at the point of incidence, where a light ray strikes the mirror.
8)Refraction: The bending of light as it
passes from one medium to another due to a change in its speed.
9)Optically Dense Medium: A medium in which light travels
at a slower speed, causing it to bend towards the normal when entering it.
10)
Optically Rarer Medium: A medium in which light travels
at a faster speed, causing it to bend away from the normal when entering it.
11) Critical Angle: The minimum angle of incidence at
which total internal reflection occurs when light travels from a denser medium
to a rarer medium.
12) Total Internal Reflection: The phenomenon in which all the
light is reflected back into the denser medium at the boundary, occurring when
the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle.
13) Prism: A transparent optical element
with flat, polished surfaces that can refract and disperse light.
14) Lens: A transparent optical device that refracts light and can focus it
to form an image.
15) Concave mirror: A concave mirror is a curved
mirror where the reflecting surface is on the inner side of the curved shape.
16) Convex mirror: Convex Mirror is a curved mirror
where the reflective surface bulges out toward the light source.
17) Concave Lens: A lens that is thinner at the
center than at the edges, causing it to diverge light rays.
18) Convex Lens: A lens that is thicker at the
center than at the edges, causing it to converge light rays.
19) Real Image: An image formed by the actual convergence of
light rays. It can be projected onto a screen.
20) Virtual Image: An image formed by the apparent divergence
of light rays. It cannot be projected onto a screen.
21) Magnification: The ratio of the size of the
image produced by an optical system to the size of the object.
22) Spherical Aberration: A defect in lens or mirror
systems that causes different rays of light to focus at different points,
leading to a blurry or distorted image.
23) Dispersion of Light: The phenomenon where different
colors of light bend by different amounts when passing through a prism,
resulting in the separation of colors.
24) Scattering of Light: The process by which light is
redirected in multiple directions due to interactions with particles or
surfaces.
25) Converging Beam: A set of parallel or nearly
parallel rays of light that come together to a point after passing through a
converging lens.
26) Diverging Beam: A set of rays of light that
spread out after passing through a diverging lens or a point source.
No comments:
Post a Comment